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采用冷型上引连铸技术、热型水平连铸技术和连铸连轧技术(SCR法)分别制备了纯铜杆坯,研究了不同工艺对纯铜杆组织性能的影响。结果表明:固液界面的形貌决定了热流方向,而热流方向决定了晶粒的生长方向,晶粒生长造成的组织差异决定了杆坯性能;冷型上引连铸制备的多晶铜固液界面呈现深“V”型,其纵截面组织为平行于轴向的柱状晶;连铸连轧制备的多晶铜经过轧制阶段,其组织为破碎的等轴晶;热型水平连铸制备的单晶铜固液界面为“C”型,其组织为单一的轴向柱状晶;冷型上引连铸多晶铜和热型水平连铸单晶铜具有较好的塑性和导电率,两者伸长率分别为58%和60.67%,导电率分别为100.9%IACS和102.6%IACS;连铸连轧多晶铜和冷型上引连铸多晶铜具有较好的强度,两者抗拉强度分别为307和221 MPa。界面对位错的阻碍和对自由电子的散射是影响纯铜杆坯力学性能和导电性能的主要因素。
Abstract：Pure copper rod billets were prepared using cold mould up-drawing continuous casting technology, hot mould horizontal continuous casting technology, and sequential cast rolling method(SCR method), and the effect of different processes on microstructure and properties of pure copper rods was studied. The results show that the morphology of the solid-liquid interface determines the direction of heat flow, which in turn determines the direction of grain growth. The structural differences caused by grain growth determine the properties of the rod billets. The solid-liquid interface of polycrystalline copper prepared by cold mould up-drawing casting presents a deep “V” shape, and its longitudinal section structure is coarse columnar crystals parallel to the axis. The structure of polycrystalline copper produced by SCR method is broken equiaxed crystal after rolling. The solid-liquid interface of single crystal copper prepared by hot mould horizontal continuous casting is of “C” type, with a single axial columnar crystal structure. Cold mould up-drawing casting polycrystalline copper and hot mould horizontal continuous casting single crystal copper have good plasticity and conductivity, with elongation of 58% and 60. 67%, and electrical conductivity of 100. 9 % IACS and 102. 6 % IACS, respectively. Polycrystalline copper produced by SCR and polycrystalline copper produced by cold mould up-drawing casting have good strength, with tensile strengths of 307 MPa and 221 MPa,respectively. The hindrance of dislocations and the scattering of free electrons by the interface are the main factors affecting the mechanical and electrical properties of the pure copper rod billets.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2024-0353
中图分类号:TG146.11;TG249.7
引用信息:
[1]王智超,李韶林,宋克兴等.不同连铸工艺对纯铜杆坯组织性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2025,46(06):70-77.DOI:10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2024-0353.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(U21A2051,52173297,52071133); 河南省科技研发计划联合基金(222103810037)