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采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、电子背散射衍射技术和电子万能试验机等研究了固溶处理温度(460、490、520、550和580℃)对6111铝合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:在所采用的固溶温度下,合金均未出现晶粒异常长大及过烧;460℃固溶时,合金中存在大量的Mg-Si和Al Fe MnSi未溶相,且晶粒再结晶不充分;随着固溶温度的升高,两种未溶相均大量回溶,尤以Mg-Si相最为显著,在固溶温度为580℃时,几乎完全消失;此外,升高固溶温度也使得合金中的再结晶晶粒占比大幅提高;得益于第二相充分回溶带来的高度过饱和溶质,以及晶粒高度再结晶对析出相粗化的抑制作用,580℃固溶处理样品中析出相较460℃固溶处理样品更为细小弥散;拉伸性能测试结果表明,合金在自然时效态和烘烤态的强度均随着固溶温度的升高而增加,伸长率在不同固溶温度下虽变化不明显,但整体而言也存在460℃固溶样品低于580℃固溶样品的规律,对比两种时效状态样品的拉伸性能随固溶温度的变化规律,580℃固溶对合金在烘烤态下性能的提升比自然时效态下更加明显。
Abstract：Effect of solution treatment temperatures(460 ℃, 490 ℃, 520 ℃, 550 ℃, and 580 ℃) on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6111 aluminum alloy was studied using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction technique, and electron universal testing machine. The results show that at the adopted solution treatment temperature, the alloy does not exhibit abnormal grain growth or overburning. After solution treatment at 460 ℃, there are a large number of Mg-Si and Al Fe MnSi undissolved phases in the alloy, and the grain recrystallization is not sufficient. With the increase of solution treatment temperature, both undissolved phases dissolve in large quantities, especially the Mg-Si phase, which almost completely disappears at the solution treatment temperature of 580 ℃. In addition, increasing the solution treatment temperature also significantly increases the proportion of recrystallized grains in the alloy. Due to the highly supersaturated solute brought about by the full dissolution of the second phase, as well as the inhibitory effect of highly recrystallized grains on the coarsening of precipitated phases, the precipitation in the 580 ℃ solution treated sample is finer and more dispersed compared to the 460 ℃ solution treated sample. The tensile performance test results show that the strength of the alloy increases with the increase of solution treatment temperature in both natural aging and baking states. Although the elongation does not change significantly at different solution treatment temperatures, there is an overall trend that the tensile performance of the 460 ℃ solution treated sample is lower than that of the 580 ℃ solution treated sample. The variation of tensile properties of two aging state samples with solution treatment temperature indicates that the improvement of the alloy properties in the baked state by solution treatment at 580 ℃ is more significant than that in the natural aging state.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2024-0498
中图分类号:TG146.21;TG156.94
引用信息:
[1]刘耀武,朱士泽,王文广等.固溶温度对6111铝合金微观组织及力学性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2025,46(09):37-44.DOI:10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2024-0498.
基金信息:
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA23023030)