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为研究不同加工工艺对Al-Er-Cu合金性能的影响,采用维氏硬度计、电导率测量仪和拉伸试验等研究了不同铸造温度、轧制工艺和时效工艺对合金性能的影响。结果表明:降低铸造温度增加了铝基体中残余的初生相数量,部分元素不再以溶质形式存在于基体中从而提高了其电导率;在轧制过程中增加固溶处理,在时效初期析出强化占主导地位提高了合金强度;在随后的时效过程中固溶的元素逐渐析出进一步提高电导率,但强度下降;双级时效工艺有利于Er、Cu元素的充分析出在保持强度的情况下提高电导率;通过降低铸造温度、在轧制过程中引入固溶处理、优化双级时效工艺获得了兼顾强度和电导率的Al-Er-Cu合金;对于705℃铸造制备的合金轧制后采用300℃×2 h+225℃×24 h 双级时效工艺处理后,硬度和电导率分别为57.6 HV0.05和61.19%IACS,抗拉强度达到179 MPa。
Abstract：To investigate the effects of different processing techniques on properties of Al-Er-Cu alloy, Vickers hardness tester,conductivity meter, and tensile test were used to study the effect of different casting temperatures, rolling processes, and aging processes on the alloy properties. The results show that reducing the casting temperature can increase the amount of residual primary phases in the aluminum matrix, and some elements no longer exist in the form of solutes in the matrix, thereby improving its conductivity. In the case of solution treatment before cold rolling, precipitation strengthening dominates in the early aging stage after rolling, which improves the strength of the alloy. During the subsequent aging, the solid solution elements gradually precipitate to further increase the conductivity,but the strength decreases. The two-stage aging process is beneficial for the precipitation of both Er and Cu elements to improve conductivity while maintaining strength. By reducing the casting temperature, introducing solution treatment before cold rolling, and optimizing the two-stage aging process, an Al-Er-Cu alloy that balances strength and conductivity is obtained. For the alloy prepared by casting at 705 ℃, then rolling and that then two-stage aging at 300 ℃ for 2 h and at 225 ℃ for 24 h, its hardness and conductivity are 57. 6 HV0. 05 and 61. 19% IACS, respectively, and the tensile strength is 179 MPa.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2024-0469
中图分类号:TG146.21
引用信息:
[1]刘腾蛟,文胜平,魏午等.加工工艺对Al-Er-Cu合金硬度和电导率的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2025,46(09):29-36.DOI:10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2024-0469.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划(2021YFB3700902)