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2025, 07, v.46 39-54
高熵合金成分设计、微观结构与性能优化的研究进展
基金项目(Foundation): 2025年甘肃省高校教师创新基金项目(2025B-505); 酒泉职业技术学院科技特派员专项(2024XJKXM01); 酒泉市科技局科技支撑计划项目(2024CB2057); 甘肃省技能大师工作室项目
邮箱(Email): 644325730@qq.com;
DOI: 10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2024-0563
摘要:

高熵合金由于高构型熵设计,表现出高强度、高硬度、耐高温、耐腐蚀以及强延展性等优异性能。本文综述了高熵合金的成分设计、微观结构和性能优化的最新研究进展。分析了高熵合金的成分设计原则,包括高熵效应、多主元设计、相结构调控、尺寸效应与晶格失配等。探讨了高熵合金的微观结构,如相结构、固溶体的形成机理、第二相析出与强化效应、晶粒结构与晶界强化。同时,分析了高熵合金的力学性能,包括室温、高温、低温下的力学行为和疲劳性能。最后讨论了高熵合金在航空航天、核能、生物医用材料等领域的应用潜力与挑战,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。深入研究高熵合金,不仅能推动材料科学的发展,还将为多个工业领域带来变革性的影响。

Abstract:

High-entropy alloys exhibit excellent properties such as high strength, high hardness, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and strong ductility due to their high configuration entropy design. This article reviews the latest research progress on the composition design, microstructure and performance optimization of the high-entropy alloys. Firstly, the composition design principles of the high-entropy alloys are analyzed, including high entropy effect, multi-principal element design, phase structure control, size effect, and lattice mismatch. The microstructure of the high-entropy alloys, such as phase structure, formation mechanism of solid solution, precipitation and strengthening effect of second phase, grain structure and grain boundary strengthening, are discussed. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of the high-entropy alloys are analyzed, including their mechanical behavior and fatigue performance at room temperature, high temperature, and low temperature. Finally, the application potential and challenges of the high-entropy alloys in aerospace, nuclear energy, biomedical materials, and other fields are discussed, and the future research directions are prospected. In depth research on the high-entropy alloys can not only promote the development of materials science, but also bring revolutionary impacts to multiple industrial fields.

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基本信息:

DOI:10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2024-0563

中图分类号:TG139

引用信息:

[1]梁艳,闫旺,冶维财等.高熵合金成分设计、微观结构与性能优化的研究进展[J].材料热处理学报,2025,46(07):39-54.DOI:10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2024-0563.

基金信息:

2025年甘肃省高校教师创新基金项目(2025B-505); 酒泉职业技术学院科技特派员专项(2024XJKXM01); 酒泉市科技局科技支撑计划项目(2024CB2057); 甘肃省技能大师工作室项目

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引用

GB/T 7714-2015 格式引文
MLA格式引文
APA格式引文