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镁合金轧制板材的各向异性问题严重制约其在航空航天、汽车制造等领域的工程应用。对AZ31镁合金板材进行了不同道次的轧制及不同工艺的退火处理，采用X射线衍射、电子背散射衍射、金相显微镜、电子万能试验机及布氏硬度计等研究了退火参数对AZ31镁合金轧制板材力学性能各向异性的影响。结果表明：经350℃单道次轧制后，随着退火温度的升高，AZ31镁合金板材中可形成均匀的动态再结晶晶粒，轧制变形导致的畸变长条晶粒和孪晶结构可完全消除，基面织构强度呈现先减弱后增强的趋势，硬度呈下降趋势；在200～250℃退火温度区间，由于新织构组分的出现导致板材综合力学性能较优且各向异性显著降低；经400℃不同道次轧制后，在300℃退火较短时间时(≤5 min),AZ31镁合金轧制板材的晶粒得到一定程度细化，力学性能各向异性现象得到改善，而长时间退火(>10 min)则会因为晶粒粗化引起力学性能下降；一道次轧制和二道次轧制的两组板材的力学性能各向异性整体变化趋势相似，说明各向异性的变化规律和轧制道次的关联性较小。
Abstract：The anisotropy problem of magnesium alloy rolled sheets seriously restricts their engineering applications in aerospace, automotive manufacturing and other fields. AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets were rolled in different passes and annealed using different processes. The effects of annealing parameters on the anisotropy of mechanical properties of the AZ31 magnesium alloy rolled sheets were studied using X-ray diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction technique, metallographic microscope, electron universal testing machine, and Brinell hardness tester. The results show that after a single pass rolling at 350 ℃, with the increase of annealing temperature, uniform dynamic recrystallization grains can be formed in the AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets, the distorted elongated grains and twin structures caused by rolling deformation can be completely eliminated, and the basal texture strength shows a trend of first weakening and then strengthening, while the hardness shows a decreasing trend. In the annealing temperature range of 200-250 ℃, the appearance of new texture components leads to better comprehensive mechanical properties and significantly reduced anisotropy of the sheets. After different passes of rolling at 400 ℃, the grain size of the AZ31 magnesium alloy rolled sheets is refined to a certain extent and the mechanical anisotropy phenomenon is improved when annealed at 300 ℃ for a short time(≤5 min), while long-term annealing(>10 min) will cause a decrease in the mechanical properties due to grain coarsening. The overall trend of anisotropy in the mechanical properties of the two groups of sheets rolled by one pass and two passes is similar, indicating that the variation law of anisotropy is less correlated with the rolling passes.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2025-0099
中图分类号:TG339;TG156.2
引用信息:
[1]黄熙鸿,刘晓烨,宋先和等.退火参数对AZ31镁合金轧制板材力学性能各向异性的影响[J].材料热处理学报,2025,46(08):63-75.DOI:10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2025-0099.
基金信息:
湖南省自然科学基金(2023JJ10020); 湖南省大学生创新训练计划项目(S202210531091); 湖南省教育厅科研基金(24B0488); 湖南省普通高校青年骨干教师项目(湘教通[2022]287号)