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在中频感应电炉磁场下将原子比为1.5∶1.0∶0.5的C、V、Ti混合粉末加入到1620～1640℃的钢液表面,通过高温原位合成反应和电磁搅拌,制备了一种由自生碳化物混杂增强的Fe-C复合材料。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、高分辨电子显微镜(HREM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、冲击试验机、洛氏硬度计和磨损试验机等研究了自生复合材料的微观组织、碳化物类型及形成机理和性能。结果表明:自生Fe-C复合材料的微观组织由细小的马氏体、少量的残留奥氏体和自生VC、Ti·VC2组成;VC、Ti·VC2呈颗粒状均匀分布Fe-C基体中,体积分数约为22%,其中VC和Ti·VC2的质量分数分别为86%和14%;Ti·VC2是在制备过程中由原位TiC和V_2C形成的一个新相,复合材料中没有发现TiC和V_2C相;复合材料的硬度和冲击韧性分别为57.3 HRC和13.6 J·cm-2,在400和800 N载荷下磨损率分别为3.77×10-3和9.70×10-3 mg·m-1,比75Cr4MoNi耐磨合金钢分别降低了10.7%和23.0%;自生复合材料的磨损机理为氧化+微切削磨损。
Abstract：Under the magnetic field of a medium-frequency induction furnace, a mixed powder of C, V and Ti with an atomic ratio of 1. 5 ∶ 1. 0 ∶ 0. 5 was added to the surface of molten steel at 1620 ℃-1640 ℃, and the Fe-C composites hybrid-reinforced by self-generated carbides were prepared by high-temperature in-situ synthesis reaction and electromagnetic stirring. The microstructure, carbide types and their formation mechanism, and properties of the in-situ composites were studied using scanning electron microscopy( SEM), highresolution electron microscopy(HREM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), impact testing machine, Rockwell hardness tester, and wear testing machine. The results show that the microstructure of the self-generated Fe-C composites is composed of fine martensite, a small amount of residual austenite, and self-generated VC and Ti·VC2. VC and Ti·VC2 are uniformly distributed in granular form in the Fe-C matrix, with a volume fraction of about 22%, and the mass fractions of VC and Ti·VC2 are 86% and 14%, respectively. Ti·VC2 is a new phase formed from in-situ Ti C and V_2C during the preparation process, and Ti C and V_2C phases are not found in the composites. The hardness and impact toughness of the composites are 57. 3 HRC and 13. 6 J·cm-2, respectively, and the wear rates under 400 N and 800 N loads are 3. 77×10-3 mg·m-1 and 9. 70×10-3 mg·m-1, respectively, which are 10. 7% and 23. 0% lower than those of the 75 Cr4 MoNi wear-resistant alloy steel. The wear mechanism of the self-generated composites is oxidation+micro cutting wear.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2025-0368
中图分类号:TB333
引用信息:
[1]宋延沛,陈丹萍,周汉,等.自生碳化物混杂增强Fe-C复合材料的组织及性能[J].材料热处理学报,2026,47(09):1-7.DOI:10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2025-0368.
基金信息:
河南省重点科技项目(122102210134); 洛阳市重点科技项目(1301011A-2)
2026-09-20
2026-09-20