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为探究厚板多层多道焊中不同焊道组织性能的差异，采用H10Mn2焊丝和CHF101助焊剂对30 mm厚Q355ND钢进行多层多道双丝埋弧焊，对表面焊道(SWB)和根部焊道(RWB)的微观组织性能进行分析。结果表明：表面焊道与根部焊道的微观组织与力学性能存在一定差异：表面焊道由块状铁素体、下贝氏体和少量珠光体组成，根部焊道由铁素体、贝氏体和马氏体组成；表面焊道硬度分布呈“几”形，热影响区与熔合区硬度接近，硬度最高点位于热影响区，为207.3 HV0.3,最低点位于母材，为172.6 HV0.3;根部焊道硬度分布呈M型，硬度最高点出现在靠近焊缝中心的熔合区，最高可达218.1 HV0.3,焊缝中心硬度最低为178.0 HV0.3,略高于母材；根部焊道与表面焊道拉伸试样均断裂在远离焊缝的母材部分，根部焊道平均抗拉强度为514.84 MPa,表面焊道平均抗拉强度为512.08 MPa,为脆性断裂与韧性断裂相结合的复合断裂形式，且伴有颗粒状析出物生成；根部焊缝平均冲击吸收能量172.17 J,表面焊缝平均冲击吸收能量173.33 J,冲击试样均为脆性断裂与韧性断裂的混合断裂，但表面焊道冲击断口解理面较小，韧窝更深；表面焊缝开路电位最正，钝化区间最大，且极化曲线右移，耐蚀性相对更优。
Abstract：To investigate the differences in microstructure and properties of different weld beads in multi-layer and multi-bead welding of thick plates, multi-layer and multi-bead double-wire submerged arc welding was carried out on 30 mm thick Q355ND steel using H10Mn2 welding wire and CHF101 flux. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the surface weld bead(SWB) and root weld bead(RWB) were analyzed. The results show that there are certain differences in the microstructure and mechanical properties between the surface weld bead and the root weld bead. The surface weld bead is composed of blocky ferrite, lower bainite, and a small amount of pearlite, while the root weld bead is composed of ferrite, bainite, and martensite. The hardness distribution of the surface weld bead is in a zigzag-shape, with the hardness in the heat affected zone and fusion zone being close, the highest hardness is located in the heat affected zone, reaching 207.3 HV0.3, and the lowest hardness is located in the base metal, whcih is 172.6 HV0.3. The hardness distribution of the root weld bead is M-shaped, with the highest hardness appearing in the fusion zone near the center of the weld, reaching up to 218.1 HV0.3, the lowest hardness at the center of the weld bead is 178.0 HV0.3, slightly higher than that of the base metal. The tensile specimens of both the root weld and the surface weld fracture at the base metal far away from the weld, the average tensile strength of the root weld is 514.84 MPa, and that of the surface weld is 512.08 MPa, which is a composite fracture form combining brittle fracture and ductile fracture, accompanied by the formation of granular precipitates. The average impact absorbed energy of the root weld bead is 172.17 J, and that of the surface weld bead is 173.33 J. The impact specimens are all mixed fractures of brittle fracture and ductile fracture, but the surface weld bead has a smaller cleavage surface and deeper ductile dimples. The surface weld bead has the most positive open circuit potential, the largest passivation range, and the polarization curve shifts to the right, indicating relatively better corrosion resistance.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2025-0288
中图分类号:TG457.11
引用信息:
[1]刘松涛,郭春富,余陈,等.Q355ND高强钢多层多道双丝埋弧焊组织及性能分析[J].材料热处理学报,2026,47(01):227-236.DOI:10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2025-0288.
基金信息:
广东省海洋经济发展(海洋六大产业)专项资金项目资助(粤自然资合[2024]24号)
2025-07-31
2025
2025-12-11
2025
1
2026-01-24
2026-01-24