预热对中高碳钢堆焊冷却温度场和应力场影响的数值模拟Effect of preheating on temperature and stress fields of medium-high carbon steel in hardfacing process by numerical simulation
臧新良,刘利刚,王玉辉,钱玉,杨庆祥
摘要(Abstract):
分别测定了无预热条件下60CrMnMo钢堆焊试样冷却过程的温度场和残余应力场,采用有限元方法建立了二维有限元模型,对其进行了数值模拟,在此基础上,采用此模型模拟了预热温度为200℃条件下试样在堆焊冷却过程中温度场和不同时刻的应力场,特别是考虑了不同截面上关键点发生马氏体相变时的应力变化情况。结果表明:60CrMnMo钢试样堆焊后的温度场与残余应力场的模拟结果与实测结果吻合较好,证明了所建模型的有效性;经200℃预热后,在堆焊初期,试样中心部位温度较高,其余部位近似为200℃,冷却到30 s后,试样中心部位急剧降温,冷却到180 s后,整个截面的温度分布趋于均匀;最大拉应力出现在热影响区,而不是堆焊区;当发生马氏体相变后,热影响区的拉应力急剧增大,直至与平衡状态时的拉应力值相当。预热降低了堆焊试样热影响区的最大拉应力,从而减少了堆焊开裂倾向。
关键词(KeyWords): 堆焊;数值模拟;温度场;应力场;马氏体相变
基金项目(Foundation): 河北自然科学基金(E2012203019);; 河北省百名优秀人才支持计划(SPRC021)
作者(Author): 臧新良,刘利刚,王玉辉,钱玉,杨庆祥
DOI: 10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2013.10.033
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