王梦丹,杜三明,贺甜甜,岳赟,张永振

• 1:河南科技大学高端轴承摩擦学技术与应用国家地方联合工程试验室
• 2:河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院

摘要(Abstract)：

采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、洛氏硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机等研究了不同温度(160、300和540℃)回火处理对淬火态M50钢的微观组织、硬度及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:经1090℃淬火后M50钢显微组织由马氏体、碳化物及残留奥氏体组成,硬度为64.5 HRC,残留奥氏体含量为18%;回火处理使M50钢组织中马氏体转变为回火马氏体,随着回火温度的升高,试验钢硬度先降低再升高,其中,300℃回火时试验钢的硬度较低,540℃回火出现二次硬化现象,硬度值较大,残留奥氏体含量较低约4%。摩擦磨损试验结果表明:540℃回火处理可以有效降低试验钢的摩擦系数和磨损率,其磨损机制为轻微磨粒磨损伴随粘着磨损。

关键词(KeyWords)： M50钢;回火温度;干摩擦;磨损性能

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(51905153,51801054)

作者(Author): 王梦丹,杜三明,贺甜甜,岳赟,张永振

DOI: 10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2021-0245

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 刘仁.M50钢热变形行为及其微观组织研究[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2015.LIU Ren.Research on hot deformation behavior and microstructure of M50 steel[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015.
• [2] 王燕.高温轴承钢中碳化物和高温接触疲劳寿命的研究[D].昆明：昆明理工大学，2014.WANG Yan.Study on carbide and high temperature contact fatigue life in high temperature bearing steels[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2014.
• [3] Zhang F,Yang Z.Development of and perspective on high-performance nanostructured bainitic bearing steel[J].Engineering,2019,5(2):319-328.
• [4] 李建国.成分设计与热处理对轴承钢组织与性能的影响[J].铸造技术，2018,39(11):2594-2597.LI Jian-guo.Effect of composition design and heat treatment on microstructure & mechanical properties of bearing steel[J].Foundry Technology,2018,39(11):2594-2597.
• [5] Elrakayby A M,Mills B.Identification of carbides in high-speed steels[J].Journal of Materials Science Letters,1986,5(3):332-334.
• [6] Decaudin B,Djega-Mariadassou C,Cizeron G.Structural study of M50 steel carbides[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,1995,226(1):208-212.
• [7] Zhou L,Tang G,Ma X,et al.Relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties of M50 ultra-high strength steel via quenching-partitioning-tempering process[J].Materials Characterization,2018,146:258-266.
• [8] Liu Z M.Friction and wear characteristics of M50 high speed steel at elevated temperature[J].Tribology,1997,17(1):38-44.
• [9] Djega-Mariadassou C,Decaudin B,Bessais L,et al.Solute distribution in the ferromagnetic matrix of an M50 high-speed steel in annealed and quenched states[J].Journal of Physics Condensed Matter,1997,9(23):4931.
• [10] Bhadeshia H K D H.Steels for bearings[J].Progress in Materials Science,2011,57(2):268-435.
• [11] 王兴刚，葛泉江.航空发动机主轴轴承工作特点[J].哈尔滨轴承，2006(4):3-4.WANG Xing-gang,GE Quan-jiang.Working characteristic of spindle bearing for aviation engine[J].Journal of Harbin Bearing,2006(4):3-4.
• [12] Sun L X,Li M Q.High temperature behavior of isothermally compressed M50 steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2015,22(10):969-976.
• [13] 薛冰，陈世洪，任永胜，等.回火热处理对GCr15轴承钢显微组织和力学性能的影响[J].山东理工大学学报(自然科学版),2021,35(2):73-76.XUE Bing,CHEN Shi-hong,REN Yong-sheng,et al.Effect of tempering heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of GCr15 bearing steel[J].Journal of Shandong University of Technology (Natural Science Edition),2021,35(2):73-76.
• [14] 王桂.回火温度对GCr15轴承钢组织和性能的影响[J].失效分析与预防，2016,11(6):361-363.WANG Gui.Effect of tempering temperature on microstructure and properties of GCr15 bearing steel[J].Failure Analysis and Prevention,2016,11(6):361-363.
• [15] 肖茂果，李东辉，吕新杨，等.热处理对高Cr-Co-Mo轴承钢组织与性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报，2018,39(8):75-81.XIAO Mao-guo,LI Dong-hui,Lü Xin-yang,et al.Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of a high Cr-Co-Mo alloyed heat resistant bearing steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2018,39(8):75-81.
• [16] 刘云旭，李吉学.影响轴承寿命的材料因素及其控制[J].轴承，2001(2):20-24.LIU Yun-xu,LI Ji-xue.Material factor and its control for influence on rolling bearing life[J].Bearing,2001(2):20-24.
• [17] 郭军，杨卯生，卢德宏，等.Cr4Mo4V轴承钢旋转弯曲疲劳寿命及疲劳裂纹萌生机理[J].材料工程，2019,47(7):134-143.GUO Jun,YANG Mao-sheng,LU De-hong,et al.Rotational bending fatigue life and fatigue crack initiation mechanisn of Cr4Mo4V[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2019,47(7):134-143.
• [18] Harada N,Takuma M,Tsujikawa M,et al.Effects of V addition on improvement of heat shock resistance and wear resistance of Ni-Cr-Mo cast steel brake disc[J].Wear,2013,302(s-1-2):1444-1452.
• [19] 黄继武.X 射线衍射试验操作手册[M].长沙：中南大学，2006:20-30.
• [20] Nogueira R A,Ribeiro O C S,Neves M D M D,et al.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure of commercial and vacuum sintered high speed steels AISI M2 and T15[J].Materials Science Forum,2005,534:186-191.
• [21] Xia Z X,Zhang C,Lan H,et al.Effect of magnetic field on interfacial energy and precipitation behavior of carbides in reduced activation steels[J].Materials Letters,2010,65(6):937-939.
• [22] 李文东.回火过程对M50钢残留奥氏体转变的影响[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2014.LI Wen-dong.Effect of tempering process on residual austenite transformation in M50 steel[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014.
• [23] 大连工学院《金属学及热处理》编写小组.金属学及热处理[M].北京：科学出版社，1975.
• [24] 鲍永夫，邓惠琴.X射线衍射法测定钢中马氏体含碳量[J].热加工工艺，1983(1):52-56.BAO Yong-fu,DENG Hui-qin.Determination of carbon content of martensite in steel by X-ray diffraction[J].Hot Working Technology,1983(1):52-56.
• [25] 刘燕，王毛球，刘国权.回火温度对40CrNi3MoV钢组织和力学性能的影响[J].金属热处理，2014,39(6):41-45.LIU Yan,WANG Mao-qiu,LIU Guo-quan.Effects of tempering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of 40CrNi3Mo V steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2014,39(6):41-45.
• [26] 王红星，王章忠，胡谦，等.热处理工艺对NiCrMoV钢微观组织和耐磨性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报，2017,38(10):106-113.WANG Hong-xing,WANG Zhang-zhong,HU Qian,et al.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and wear resistance of Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2017,38(10):106-113.
• [27] 钱坤，李建鸿，武兴斌.GCr15钢轴承残留奥氏体与疲劳寿命试验研究[J].机械制造，2009,47(6):78-80.QIAN Kun,LI Jian-hong,WU Xing-bin.Experimental study on residual austenite and fatigue life of GCr15 steel bearing[J].Machinery,2009,47(6):78-80.
• [28] Wimmer M A,Loos J,Nassutt R,et al.The acting wear mechanisms on metal-on-metal hip joint bearings:in vitro results[J].Wear,2001,250(1/12):129-139.
• [29] Vuorinen E,Ojala N,Heino V,et al.Erosive and abrasive wear performance of carbide free bainitic steels-comparison of field and laboratory experiments[J].Tribology International,2016,98:108-115.
• [30] 贺甜甜，邵若男，刘建，等.不同载荷下GCr15钢的滑动摩擦磨损性能[J].材料热处理学报，2020,41(7):105-110.HE Tian-tian,SHAO Ruo-nan,LIU Jian,et al.Sliding friction and wear properties of GCr15 steel under different loads[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2020,41(7):105-110.

文章评论(Comment)：