于鑫泓,冯以盛,张云山,赵而团

• 1:山东理工大学机械工程学院
• 2:山东星泉科技有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

为研究变截面板簧在等温贝氏体热处理过程中不同变形量截面处的贝氏体组织转变规律与强韧化机制，利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术和拉伸、冲击试验等研究了不同变形量(变形量为10%、35%和60%)的试验钢经等温贝氏体热处理后的显微组织与力学性能。结果表明：随着变形量的增加，试验钢的晶粒尺寸减小，晶界数目增多，位错密度提升，有效促进了贝氏体组织的转变，其含量由73.5%提升至89.3%,且形态更加细短，同时残留奥氏体含量下降、尺寸减小且分布更加均匀；随着变形量的增加，试验钢的细晶强化效果更加显著，抗拉强度由1456 MPa提升至1624 MPa,屈服强度由1035 MPa提升至1280 MPa,伸长率由9.35%提升至11.03%,冲击吸收能量由28.2 J提升至37.5 J。

关键词(KeyWords)： 变截面板簧;贝氏体钢;变形量;组织性能

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022ME210)

作者(Author): 于鑫泓,冯以盛,张云山,赵而团

DOI: 10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2025-0072

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 邓伟，秦小梅.轧制工艺对550 MPa级桥梁钢组织和晶界特征的影响[J].现代交通与冶金材料，2022,2(4):80-85.DENG Wei,QIN Xiao-mei.Influence of rolling process on microstructure and grain boundary characteristics of bainitic steel[J].Modern Transportation and Metallurgical Materials,2022,2(4):80-85.
• [2] 马生平，杨银辉，刘丽丽.少片变截面钢板弹簧在重型载货车上的应用分析[J].汽车实用技术，2015(9):23-25.MA Sheng-ping,YANG Yin-hui,LIU Li-li.Application analysis of little variable cross-section leaf spring in the heavy duty truck[J].Automobile Applied Technology,2015(9):23-25.
• [3] 洪国华，杨顺虎，肖波，等.国内外弹簧钢的生产现状和发展前景[J].现代冶金，2009,37(1):1-4.HONG Guo-hua,YANG Shun-hu,XIAO Bo.Production status and development prospect of spring steel at home and abroad[J].Modern Metallurgy,2009,37(1):1-4.
• [4] 徐贤丰，张维生，高峰.变截面板簧热处理工艺的优化[J].新疆钢铁，2018(2):10-12.XU Xian-feng,ZHANG Wei-sheng,GAO Feng.Optimization of heat treatment process of variable cross-section panel spring[J].Xinjiang Iron and Steel,2018(2):10-12.
• [5] Jiang L Y,Song J,Liu G,et al.An innovative process for producing high-performance stainless steel/carbon steel composite plate by the controlled rolling[J].Metallurgical Research & Technology,2025,122(1):111.
• [6] 蒋文淼，胡志华，栾道成，等.新型贝氏体板簧钢的组织及性能[J].金属热处理，2022,47(7):151-155.JIANG Wen-miao,HU Zhi-hua,LUAN Dao-cheng.Microstructure and properties of new type bainitic leaf spring steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2022,47(7):151-155.
• [7] 石俊亮，郑为为，梁兴国.回火温度对铁素体/粒状贝氏体钢显微组织及力学性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报，2019,40(9):107-113.SHI Jun-liang,ZHENG Wei-wei,LIANG Xing-guo.Effects of tempering on microstructure and mechanical properties of fine grain ferrite/granular bainite dual phase steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2019,40(9):107-113.
• [8] 徐德祥，尹钟大.高强度弹簧钢的发展现状和趋势[J].钢铁，2004(1):67-71.XU De-xiang,YIN Zhong-da.The tendency tohigh strength of springsteelsand the effect of alloyingelements[J].Iron and Steel,2004(1):67-71.
• [9] 彭云，郑惠锦.回火温度对低合金高强度贝氏体钢组织和性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报，2017,38(7):114-119.PENG Yun,ZHENG Hui-mian.Effect of tempering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength low alloy bainite steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2017,38(7):114-119.
• [10] He Y,Liu J H,Huang G Y,et al.Elemental segregation,microstructure,and mechanical properties of TMCP-treated high-manganese wear-resistant steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2024,32(3):1-16.
• [11] 严翔，李德发，官计生，等.形变对低碳微合金化热处理钢组织和性能的影响[J].金属热处理，2022,47(6):85-88.YAN Xiang,LI De-fa,GUAN Ji-sheng.Effect of deformation on microstructure and properties of low-carbon microalloyed steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2022,47(6):85-88.
• [12] 张月，李青春，张瑞祥，等.轧制预变形对超细贝氏体钢组织与性能的影响[J].材料热处理学报，2018,39(4):121-126.ZHANG Yue,LI Qing-qing,ZHANG Rui-xiang.Effect of rolling predeformation on microstructure and properties of ultra-fine bainite steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2018,39(4):121-126.
• [13] Hu L,Yuan X F,Li S,et al.Study on computational prediction about microstructure and hardness of Q345 steel welded joint based on SH-CCT diagram[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2021,57(8):1073-1086.
• [14] Zheng Z J,Gao Y.Quantitative measurement of deformation-induced martensite during ECAP of 304 stainless steel[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2008,10(5):144-148.
• [15] Lee S J,Park J S,Lee Y K.Effect of austenite grain size on the transformation kinetics of upper and lower bainite in a low-alloy steel[J].Scripta Materialia,2008,59(1):87-90.
• [16] 浓嵘.贝氏体相变机制的理论及实验研究[D].西安：西北工业大学，1998.
• [17] Bhadeshia H K D H,杨志南，张福成.钢中贝氏体：理论与实践[M].秦皇岛：燕山大学出版社，2015.
• [18] 刘宗昌，计云萍，任慧平.贝氏体相变的形核与长大—贝氏体相变新机制(二)[J].热处理技术与装备，2017,38(3):1-6.LIU Zong-chang,JI Yun-ping,REN Hui-ping.Nucleation and growth of bainite phase transformation new mechanism of bainite phase transformation (2)[J].Heat Treatment Technology and Equipment,2017,38(3):1-6.
• [19] 张慧杰，肖红亮，包耀宗.轧制工艺对低碳贝氏体钢组织和力学性能的影响[J].热加工工艺，2015,44(11):25-28.ZHANG Hui-jie,XIAO Hong-liang,BAO Yao-zong.Effects of rolling process on microstructures and mechanical properties of low carbon bainitic steel[J].Hot Working Technology,2015,44(11):25-28.
• [20] 孟杨，任群，鞠新华.利用局域取向差衡量变形金属中的位错密度[J].材料热处理学报，2014,35(11):122-128.MENG Yang,REN Qun,JU Xin-hua.Evaluation of dislocation density by local grain misorientation in deformed metals[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2014,35(11):122-128.
• [21] Xia B,Zhang P,Wang B,et al.A simultaneous improvement of the strength and plasticity of spring steels by replacing Mo with Si[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2021,820:141516.
• [22] Li Z,Wang J,Huang H.Influences of grain/particle interfacial energies on second-phase particle pinning grain coarsening of polycrystalline[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2020,818:152848.
• [23] 雍岐龙，孙新军，郑磊，等.钢铁材料中第二相的作用[J].科技创新导报，2009(8):2-3.YONG Qi-long,SUN Xin-jun,ZHENG Lei.The role of the second phase in steel materials[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2009(8):2-3.
• [24] 林昭淑，戚正风.奥氏体晶粒大小对30CrMnSiA钢调质状态机械性能的影响[J].金属热处理，1988(10):4-9.LIN Zhao-shu,QI Zheng-feng.The influence of grain size of austenite on the mechanical properties of hardened and tempered 30CrMnSiA steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,1988(10):4-9.
• [25] Chen H,Wang X,Song R,et al.Microstructure,mechanical properties and strengthening mechanism of high strength hot-rolled ferrite-martensite dual phase steel[J].Materials Characterization,2024,207:113545.
• [26] 钟正根，张瑞，袁清，等.工程机械用Q890D钢中厚调质板的组织与性能均匀性[J].金属热处理，2024,49(11):77-83.GEN Zheng-gen,ZHANG Rui,YUAN Qing.Uniformity of microstructure and properties of quenched and tempered Q890D steel medium-thickness plate for construction machinery[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2024,49(11):77-83.
• [27] 钟群鹏，赵子华，张峥.断口学的发展及微观断裂机理研究[J].机械强度，2005(3):358-370.ZHONG Qun-peng,ZHAO Zi-hua,ZHANG Zheng.Development of “fractography” and research of fracture micromechanism[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2005(3):358-370.

文章评论(Comment)：