邓庆文,陈荣创,吕镓均,张运军,张春,王敏

• 1:湖北三环锻造有限公司
• 2:湖北汽车工业学院材料科学与工程学院
• 3:湖北隆中实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

为模拟高强钢转向节淬火后的微观组织和硬度分布，使用Jmatpro软件计算了42CrMo钢的热物性参数和等温转变曲线，获得了42CrMo钢的珠光体、贝氏体、马氏体转变动力学模型参数。基于Comsol软件建立了42CrMo钢淬火过程的传热、相变多场耦合有限元分析模型，模拟了转向节在PAG(聚烷撑乙二醇水溶液)中淬火冷却的过程，获得了温度、微观组织和硬度分布。分析了锻件杆部淬火后的硬度和显微组织，并与模拟结果进行对比。模拟结果表明：锻件杆部表面主要为82.1%的马氏体和17.9%的贝氏体，硬度为31.9 HRC,心部主要为15.9%的马氏体、72.5%的贝氏体、9.1%的铁素体和2.5%的珠光体，硬度为26.8 HRC。试验测得的锻件表面硬度最高为32.0 HRC,心部硬度最低为26.4 HRC,表面的组织为短板条状马氏体和部分粒状下贝氏体，心部为针状马氏体、羽毛状上贝氏体和铁素体，模拟结果与试验结果基本吻合，表明建立的多场耦合有限元分析模型能准确预测高强钢转向节锻件淬火微观组织和硬度分布。

关键词(KeyWords)： 转向节;淬火;组织转变;高强钢;硬度

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 湖北省自然科学基金(2020CFB374);; 材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室开放基金(P2021-023);; 湖北隆中实验室自主创新项目(2022ZZ-30);; 储能与动力电池湖北省重点实验室开放基金(QCCLSZK2021B03,QCCLSZK2021B06)

作者(Author): 邓庆文,陈荣创,吕镓均,张运军,张春,王敏

DOI: 10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2023-0493

参考文献(References)：

• [1] 郭广顺，王明明，纪宏超，等.介观尺度模拟方法及其在金属材料微观组织演变中的应用[J].塑性工程学报，2023,30(5):1-11.GUO Guang-shun,WANG Ming-ming,JI Hong-chao,et al.Mesoscale simulation methods and their application to microstructure evolution of metallic material[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2023,30(5):1-11.
• [2] 张雄，余伟，王云龙.38MnSiVS非调质钢的相变模型[J].钢铁，2021,56(3):130-136.ZHANG Xiong,YU Wei,WANG Yun-long.Phase transformation model of 38MnSiVS non-tempered steel[J].Iron and Steel,2021,56(3):130-136.
• [3] 王素芬，李志杰，周建强，等.SPHC带钢冷却过程温度与相变耦合预测模型[J].热加工工艺，2019,48(9):176-179.WANG Su-fen,LI Zhi-jie,ZHOU Jian-qiang,et al.Coupled prediction model of temperature and phase transformation in cooling process of SPHC strip steel[J].Hot Working Technology,2019,48(9):176-179.
• [4] 王丰，杜宇辰，刘雨健，等.航发轴承基体高强韧组织形变-相变协同精确控制定量研究[J].锻压技术，2021,46(9):99-104.WANG Feng,DU Yu-chen,LIU Yu-jian,et al.Quantitative study on synergistic accurate control of deformation-phase transformation for high strength and toughness microstructure in aero-bearing ring matrix[J].Forging and Stamping Technology,2021,46(9):99-104.
• [5] 刘乐乐，马艳霞，梁晨，等.50CrVA弹簧钢的奥氏体连续冷却相变研究[J].锻压装备与制造技术，2018,53(6):126-129.LIU Le-le,MA Yan-xia,LIANG Chen,et al.Study on austenite continuous cooling phase transformation of 50CrVA spring steel[J].China Metalforming Equipment & Manufacturing Technology,2018,53(6):126-129.
• [6] 刘雪飞，贾卓翰，张谦，等.超高强度钢板热冲压成形同步淬火相变不均匀性影响因素分析[J].塑性工程学报，2019,26(2):245-252.LIU Xue-fei,JIA Zhuo-han,ZHANG Qian,et al.Synchronous quenching in hot stamping for ultra-high-strength steel plates[J].Journal of Plasticity Engineering,2019,26(2):245-252.
• [7] 刘才，高林，王玉峰，等.42CrMo棒材轧后冷却过程组织转变的计算机模拟[J].钢铁，2012,47(11):73-78.LIU Cai,GAO Lin,WANG Yu-feng,et al.Computer simulation of microstructure transformation for 42CrMo bar during cooling after hot-rolling[J].Iron and Steel,2012,47(11):73-78.
• [8] 王林春，吴永强，王开坤，等.3Cr2NiMo钢模块锻后热处理的数值模拟[J].金属热处理，2021,46(3):184-190.WANG Lin-chun,WU Yong-qiang,WANG Kai-kun,et al.Numerical simulation of heat treatment for 3Cr2NiMo steel module bulk after forging[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2021,46(3):184-190.
• [9] 邓玉荣，邓想涛，吴昊，等.Ti含量对耐磨钢相变行为及强韧性的影响[J].钢铁研究学报，2023,35(3):323-331.DENG Yu-rong,DENG Xiang-tao,WU Hao,et al.Effect of Ti content on phase transformation behavior and strength-toughness of wear resistant steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2023,35(3):323-331.
• [10] 陈光辉，徐耀文，刘曼，等.高温变形和过冷度对中碳钢贝氏体相变的影响[J].钢铁研究学报，2020,32(11):984-989.CHENG Guang-hui,XU Yao-wen,LIU Man,et al.Effect of high-temperature deformation and undercooling on bainite transformation of a medium-carbon bainitic steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2020,32(11):984-989.
• [11] Chu Y Z,Gai D Y,Wang R C,et al.The evolution of microstructure for carburizing and quenching 17CrNiMo6 steel:Forecasting and experimentation[J].Coatings,2022,12(8):1102.
• [12] Chen S Y,Chen Y X,Jiao S F,et al.Study on laser surface quenching structure and hardness of C45 steel[J].Metalurgija,2021,60(3/4):253-256.
• [13] 葛琛，赵洪山，郑磊，等.900 MPa级高强钢的连续冷却转变及组织调控分析[J].钢铁，2023,58(3):128-134.GE Chen,ZHAO Hong-shan,ZHENG Lei,et al.Analysis on continuous cooling transformation and microstructure control of 900 MPa grade high strength steel[J].Iron and Steel,2023,58(3):128-134.
• [14] 霍永成，刘玉，黄丽娜，等.空心圆柱件内孔的淬火应力[J].材料热处理学报，2022,43(7):157-166.HUO Yong-cheng,LIU Yu,HUANG Li-na,et al.Quenching stress at inner surface of hollow cylinders[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2022,43(7):157-166.
• [15] 韦婷婷，汪舟，罗素晖，等.汽车横向稳定杆用60Si2MnA钢淬火变形的数值模拟[J].材料热处理学报，2022,43(6):163-174.WEI Ting-ting,WANG Zhou,LUO Su-hui,et al.Numerical simulation of quenching distortion of 60Si2MnA steel for automotive transverse stabilizer bar[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2022,43(6):163-174.
• [16] 刘杰，王程，钟洁，等.45钢激光相变硬化和感应加热表面淬火硬化后的组织和性能[J].材料热处理学报，2018,39(11):58-66.LIU Jie,WANG Cheng,ZHONG Jie,et al.Microstructure and properties of 45 steel after laser transformation hardening and induction heating surface hardening[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2018,39(11):58-66.
• [17] 朱祖昌，徐祖耀.淬火应力对钢中相变的影响[J].金属热处理学报，1988,9(2):45-52.ZHU Zu-chang,XU Zu-yao.The effect of quenching stress on phase transformations in steel[J].Transactions of Metal Heat Treatment,1988,9(2):45-52.
• [18] 代玉杰.JMatPro在42CrMo4钢热处理工艺设计中的应用[J].热处理技术与装备，2023,44(4):58-61.DAI Yu-jie.Application of JMatPro in heat treatment process design of 42CrMo4 steel[J].Heat Treatment Technology and Equipment,2023,44(4):58-61.
• [19] 姚新，顾剑锋，胡明娟.P20钢大型塑料模具几种淬火工艺的三维温度与组织模拟[J].金属热处理，2003,28(7):33-37.YAO Xin,GU Jian-feng,HU Ming-juan.3D temperature and microstructure modelling of large-scale P20 steel mould quenching in different processes[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2003,28(7):33-37.
• [20] 陈荣创，吕镓均，邓庆文，等.汽车高强钢锻件淬火开裂分析与有限元模拟[J].锻压技术，2023,48(9):7-14.CHEN Rong-chuang,Lü Jia-jun,DENG Qing-wen,et al.Analysis and finite element simulation on quenching cracking for automotive high-strength steel forgings[J].Forging and Stamping Technology,2023,48(9):7-14.
• [21] 董成通，吴博雅，冯思远，等.冷却介质对40Cr钢汽车前轴淬火过程组织演变及变形行为的影响[J].材料热处理学报，2022,43(9):121-130.DONG Cheng-tong,WU Bo-ya,FENG Si-yuan,et al.Effect of cooling medium on microstructure evolution and deformation behavior of 40Cr steel automobile front axle during quenching[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2022,43(9):121-130.
• [22] 彭则.42CrMo钢船用曲拐热处理工艺及性能研究[D].昆明：昆明理工大学，2022.PENG Ze.Study on the heat treatment process and performance of 42CrMo steel shipping crankshafts[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2022.
• [23] Steven W,Haynes A G.The temperature of formation of martensite and bainite in low-alloy steel[J].Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute,1956,183(8):349-359.
• [24] 程剑，余驰斌，叶传龙，等.试验测定和软件模拟绘制22A的TTT曲线[J].热加工工艺，2013,42(2):60-62.CHENG Jian,YU Chi-bin,YE Chuan-long,et al.Experimental determination and software simulation on TTT curve for 22A[J].Hot Working Technology,2013,42(2):60-62.
• [25] Kumar S,Samal M K,Singh P K,et al.Use of modified Madou-Leblond model to predict crack initiation in low alloy steel specimens with different stress states[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2023,277:108946.
• [26] Li Y,Wang L Y,Zhu K Y,et al.An integral transformation model for the combined calculation of key martensitic transformation temperatures and martensite fraction[J].Materials & Design,2022,219:110768.
• [27] 王顺兴，王祝伟，刘勇，等.提高淬火模拟精度的系统化处理方法[J].材料热处理学报，2003,24(3):79-83.WANG Shun-xing,WANG Zhu-wei,LIU Yong,et al.A systemized processing method to improve quenching simulation precision[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2003,24(3):79-83.
• [28] 王勇，罗新民.不同冷却速度下25CrNi2MoV轴承钢的组织与性能[J].热加工工艺，2023,52(16):126-129.WANG Yong,LUO Xin-min.Microstructure and properties of 25CrNi2MoV bearing steel cooled at different cooling rates[J].Hot Working Technology,2023,52(16):126-129.
• [29] 刘国亮，唐梦兰，李栋，等.42CrMo钢回火组织演变及屈服强度预测[J].材料热处理学报，2020,41(7):144-150.LIU Guo-liang,TANG Meng-lan,LI Dong,et al.Microstructural evolution and yield strength prediction of quench-tempered 42CrMo steel[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2020,41(7):144-150.
• [30] 李凯.42CrMo钢的贝氏体组织调控与性能优化[D].石家庄：河北科技大学，2020.LI Kai.Bainite structure control and performance optimization of 42CrMo steel[D].Shijiazhuang:Hebei University of Science and Technology,2020.

文章评论(Comment)：