王远东

• 1:中铁建电气化局集团康远新材料有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

在电流为114 A,电流密度为28.6 A/mm~2,线速度为80 km/h,室温20～25℃,空气湿度为50%～55%RH,载荷为14和2 N的条件下，采用高速载流摩擦磨损试验机研究了铜银(CTA)、铜锡(CTS)、高强度铜锡(CTSH)、铜镁(CTM)、高强度铜镁(CTMH)、铜铬锆(CTCZ)和镀锡铜银(SNCTA)7种铜合金接触线的载流摩擦磨损、载流稳定性与耐电弧烧蚀性能。结果表明：在14 N载荷工况下，高强度铜镁与铜铬锆表现最优，二者磨损量较小，分别为2.10和1.22 mg,表面粗糙度较低，且高强度铜镁接触电阻波动小，仅为3.50%,展现出优异的载流稳定性与电流传输效率；在2 N载荷工况下，镀锡铜银与铜锡抗电弧烧蚀能力突出，镀锡铜银燃弧率最低为5.61%、磨损量最小，铜锡电弧能低于1.5×10~4 J;而高强度铜锡因锡原子扩散受限、电阻率较高，燃弧率最高(9.07%)、磨损量最大(62.30 mg),抗电弧性能最差。综上，高强度铜镁适用于无电弧的稳定载流工况，可兼顾耐磨性与载流稳定性；镀锡铜银适用于易产生电弧的复杂工况，能有效抵御电弧烧蚀。

关键词(KeyWords)： 铜合金;接触线;接触电阻;摩擦磨损;电弧烧蚀

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国铁建股份有限公司青年托举项目(2024-Q06);; 中国铁建电气化局集团有限公司重大项目(2024-01)

作者(Author): 王远东

DOI: 10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2025-0376

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