蝶状马氏体形成机理的探讨Exploration of formation mechanism of butterfly martensite
马跃新,曾德长,董希淳,谭玉华
摘要(Abstract):
采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜研究了20Cr2Ni4、45CrNi、30CrMnSi钢中(1200℃进行固体渗碳20 h后淬火)蝶状马氏体的几种形貌。根据马氏体晶体学和相变力矩原理,提出了蝶状马氏体的形成机理,并用它对蝶状马氏体的特性进行了合理的解释;同时发现蝶状马氏体只发生在马氏体比容大、迁移激活能高而导致形核和核长大困难的合金里。当形核困难时,尤其是在压力场下,"伴生核"相变的形核功和核长大功较低,比"普通核"相变更容易发生。核长大功高的合金,当粗大的马氏体片因过高的应变能而停止长大时,可以通过两种方式继续相变:1)在粗马氏体片一侧,沿另一个惯习面长出分支;2)发生"伴生核"相变,在残留的奥氏体中形成蝶状马氏体。
关键词(KeyWords): 蝶状马氏体;伴生晶核;片状马氏体;马氏体
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 马跃新,曾德长,董希淳,谭玉华
DOI: 10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2014.03.028
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