徐海洁,马峥,陈凯,左锦荣,王国彪,束学道

• 1:天津大学机械工程学院
• 2:宁波科诺精工科技有限公司
• 3:宁波大学机械工程与力学学院

摘要(Abstract)：

汽车天窗导轨用Al-Mg-Si系铝合金型材具有非对称截面特点，采用传统热挤压成形结合自然时效的制备工艺难以满足性能要求，需要辅以人工时效处理。采用扫描电镜、电子背散射衍射技术、显微硬度计和万能实验机等研究了175℃人工时效不同时间对型材微观组织、织构和力学性能的影响。结果表明：经自然时效处理的初始型材不同区域均呈现出完全再结晶组织特征，小角度晶界(5°～15°)占比为20%～40%,织构类型较为相似，均由较强的Cube({100}<001>)、Goss({110}<001>)组分构成；经过175℃×3～24 h的人工时效处理后，型材样品的小角度晶界比例降低，晶粒尺寸分布均匀性改善但未发生明显粗化，织构仍以锋锐的Cube和Goss组分为主导，强度有所降低；人工时效处理可有效提高型材的屈服强度，但导致伸长率下降；在人工时效时间为3～9 h时，型材的硬度持续上升，9～24 h则呈现递减趋势；当人工时效时间为9 h时，Mg_2Si粒子可实现最佳强化效果，此时铝合金天窗导轨型材获得高硬度(98.9 HV0.1)、高屈服强度(202.6 MPa)的最优综合性能。

关键词(KeyWords)： 铝合金型材;人工时效处理;组织织构;力学性能

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 浙江省博士后科研项目择优资助(ZJ2023116);; 宁波市江北区关键核心技术攻关项目(202301A06)

作者(Author): 徐海洁,马峥,陈凯,左锦荣,王国彪,束学道

DOI: 10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2025-0047

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