焊接熔池流体动力学行为的数值模拟和实验研究Simulation and experimental study on fluid dynamics behavior of welding pool and keyhole in laser welding process
史平安,万强,颜怡霞,沈显峰
摘要(Abstract):
在对激光焊接过程中匙孔壁面受力平衡状态和金属蒸发情况研究基础上,建立了随匙孔深度和形貌变化的自适应热源模型。采用Particle Level Set方法来跟踪熔池内的匙孔自由表面,对2A12合金和30CrMnSiA钢激光深熔焊过程进行了数值模拟,分析了材料性能和侧吹气体对熔池-匙孔内的温度场、流场和匙孔动态演化过程的影响。研究结果表明,相同工艺参数下热导率较小的材料,更容易形成深而窄的焊缝形貌。而侧吹气流气体的加入不仅能够改善熔池内流体的流动状态,而且能够显著地抑制焊缝中气孔产生。在此基础上,利用熔池动态监测技术对激光焊接中熔池的动态行为进行了实验观测,得到了熔池内匙孔颈缩、塌陷、闭合以及气泡的形成过程,进一步验证了模拟结果的合理性。在对不同侧吹气流下焊缝气孔检测和模拟结果分析的基础上,提出了增强焊接稳定性和降低气孔敏感性的新思路。
关键词(KeyWords): 自适应热源模型;Particle level set方法;动态演化过程;流体动力学
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(11372295);; 中国工程物理研究院重大基金(2013A0203008);中国工程物理研究院重点学科项目“计算固体力学”资助
作者(Author): 史平安,万强,颜怡霞,沈显峰
DOI: 10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2016-X352
参考文献(References):
- [1]张林杰,张建勋,巩水利.激光深熔焊接过程中匙孔行为的研究进展[J].激光杂志,2009,30(5):3-5.ZHANG Lin-jie,ZHANG Jian-xun,GONG Shui-li.Recent advance in research for keyhole behavior during laser deep penetration welding process[J].Laser Journal,2009,30(5):3-5.
- [2]Dal M,Fabbro R.An overview of the state of art in laser welding simulation[J].Optics&Laser Technology,2016,78:2-14.
- [3]Pang S Y,Chen X,Zhou J X,et al.3D transient multiphase model for keyhole,vapor plume,and weld pool dynamics in laser welding including the ambient pressure effect[J].Optics and Lasers in Engineering,2015,74:47-58.
- [4]Ki H,Mohanty P S,Mazumder J.Modeling of laser keyhole welding:Part I.Mathematical modeling,numerical methodology,role of recoil pressure,multiple reflections,and free surface evolution[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2001,33:1817-1830
- [5]汪任凭,雷永平,史耀武.激光深熔焊中匙孔形成过程的动态模拟[J].焊接学报,2010,31(2):38-40.WANG Ren-ping,LEI Yong-ping,SHI Yao-wu.Numerical simulation of keyhole formation process in laser deep penetration welding[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,31(2):38-40.
- [6]庞盛永,陈立亮,殷亚军,等.激光焊接瞬态匙孔与运动熔池行为模拟[J].焊接学报,2010,31(11):71-74.PANG Sheng-yong,CHEN Li-liang,YIN Ya-jun,et al.Simulations of transient keyhole and dynamic melt pool behaviors during laser welding[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,31(2):71-74.
- [7]史平安,万强,庞盛永,等.激光深熔焊中熔池-匙孔的动态行为模拟[J].材料热处理学报,2015,36(7):228-235.SHI Ping-an,WAN Qiang,PANG Sheng-yong,et al.Modeling of dynamic behavior of weld pool and keyhole in deep penetration laser welding[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2015,36(7):228-235.
- [8]Stanley Osher,Ronald Fedkiw.Level Set Methods and Dynamic Implicit Surfaces[M].New York:Springer_Verlag New York,Inc.2-2003,0174.1,082.
- [9]Enright D,Fedkiw R,Fcrzigcr J,et al.A hybrid particle level set method for improved interface capturing[J].Comp Phys,2002,183(1):83-116.
- [10]金湘中,鄢锉.激光深熔焊接匙孔内等离子体的反韧致辐射吸收研究[J].湖南大学学报,2003,30(6):45-50.JIN Xiang-zhong,YAN Cuo.Study on the inverse bremsstrahlung absorption of the plasma in the keyhole in deep penetration laser welding[J].Journal of Hunan University,2003,30(6):45-50.
- [11]Dasgupta A K,Mazumder J.Physics of zinc vaporization and plasma absorption during CO2laser welding[J].Journal of Appled Physics,2007,102(5):053108-053108-15.
- [12]张菁.侧吹气体He-Ar配比对CO2激光焊等离子体形态特征和行为的影响[D].上海:上海交通大学,2012:34-39.ZHANG Jing.The influence of different assist gas He-Ar retios on plasma characteristics and behavior in CO2laser welding[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2012:34-39.
- [13]史平安,赵朋成,莫军,等.铍材钎焊熔池动态行为的影响因素研究[J].机械工程学报,2011,47(14):76-82.SHI Ping-an,ZHAO Peng-cheng,MO Jun,et al.Study on influence factors of transient behavior of laser brazing weld pool of beryllium[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2011,47(14):76-82.
- [14]李永强,赵熹华,赵贺,等.预热温度对铝合金搭接激光焊焊缝成形及组织的影响[J].吉林大学学报,2008,38(5):1065-1068.LI Yong-qiang,ZHAO Xi-hua,ZHAO He,et al.Effect of preheating temperature on weld shaping and microstructure for laser lap welding of aluminum alloy[J].Journal of Jilin University,2008,38(5):1065-1068.
文章评论(Comment):
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||