祝一帆,陈明明,刘昕怡,林高用

• 1:中南大学材料科学与工程学院
• 2:中南大学有色金属材料科学与工程教育部重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

采用熔铸法制备了一种模具用高硬度Zn-Al-Cu(ZAC)合金，并探究了不同退火工艺对其组织演变及力学性能的影响。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、室温拉伸/压缩试验和布氏硬度计等表征了合金的显微组织、拉伸断口形貌、微区成分和力学性能。结果表明：铸态ZAC合金的组织相结构复杂，包含初生β枝晶、层片状(η+β)/(η+α)共晶共析组织、沿晶ε(CuZn_5)相和团聚状θ(CuAl_2)相等；随着退火温度从290℃升高至380℃(退火时间为3 h)或保温时间从1 h延长至7 h(退火温度为320℃),合金中均匀分布的β相和ε相增多，合金组织由粗大枝晶及层片状组织转变为均匀细小的粒状组织，合金的布氏硬度和抗压强度先升后降，断后伸长率升高；退火过程中含铜ε相的增多及均匀化是合金获得高硬度、高强度且塑性不被削弱的主要原因。铸态ZAC合金经(320～350℃)×3 h退火后达到较佳的性能匹配，布氏硬度达158.80 HBW,抗压强度达918.55 MPa,断后伸长率达4.6%。

关键词(KeyWords)： Zn-Al-Cu(ZAC)合金;模具;退火;高硬度

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2020JJ4715)

作者(Author): 祝一帆,陈明明,刘昕怡,林高用

DOI: 10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2022-0239

参考文献(References)：

• [1] Pola A,Tocci M,Goodwin F E.Review of microstructures and properties of zinc alloys[J].Metals,2020,10(2):253-268.
• [2] 田荣璋.锌合金[M].长沙：中南大学出版社，2010:22-23.TIAN Rong-zhang.Zinc Alloy[M].Changsha:Central South University Press,2010:22-23.
• [3] 亓效刚，孙高祚，陈俊华，等.热处理对ZAS35合金力学性能的影响[J].热加工工艺，2004(7):32-33.QI Xiao-gang,SUN Gao-zuo,CHEN Jun-hua,et al.Effects of heat treatment on mechanical properties of ZAS35 alloy[J].Hot Working Technology,2004(7):32-33.
• [4] 袁培燕.新型锌基塑料模具合金的研制开发[J].山东冶金，2011,33(1):44-47.YUAN Pei-yan.Development of a new zinc base alloy for plastic mold[J].Shandong Metallurgy,2011,33(1):44-47.
• [5] 王龙.镁、铜对挤压高铝锌合金组织与性能的影响[D].济南：山东建筑大学，2016.WANG Long.Effects of magnesium and copper on the microstructure and properties of extruded high-aluminum zinc alloys[D].Jinan:Shandong Jianzhu University,2016.
• [6] Ramos-Azpeitia M,Elizabeth M F,Hernandez-Rivera J L,et al.Analysis of plastic flow instability during superplastic deformation of the Zn-Al eutectoid alloy modified with 2wt.% Cu[J].Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance,2017,26(11):1-8.
• [7] Gimmler S,Apel M,Bührig-Polaczek A.Selection of dedicated as-cast microstructures in Zn-Al-Cu alloys for bearing applications supported by phase-field simulations[J].Metals,2020,10(12):1659-1670.
• [8] Kaya H,Cadirli E,Ulgen A.Investigation of the effect of composition on microhardness and determination of thermo-physical properties in the Zn-Cu alloys[J].Materials and Design,2011,32(1/2):900-906.
• [9] 刘洪军，李亚敏，郝远.Al,Cu含量对Zn-Al-Cu-Mg合金性能的影响[J].铸造技术，2007,28(6):823-826.LIU Hong-jun,LI Ya-min,HAO Yuan.Effect of Al and Cu content on properties of Zn-Al-Cu-Mg alloy[J].Foundry Technology,2007,28(6):823-826.
• [10] 杨涤心，高存贞，谢敬佩，等.Cu含量对高铝锌合金组织和性能的影响[J].铸造技术，2010,31(11):1448-1451.YANG Di-xin,GAO Cun-zhen,XIE Jing-pei,et al.Effects of Cu on the microstructure and properties of Zn-Al alloy[J].Foundry Technology,2010,31(11):1448-1451.
• [11] Yang C F,Pan J H,Lee T H.Work-softening and anneal-hardening behaviors in fine-grained Zn-Al alloys[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2009,468(1/2):230-236.
• [12] 张阳明，赵亚东，何强，等.变形Zn-Al合金的退火硬化现象研究[J].热加工工艺，2020,49(24):129-132.ZHANG Yang-ming,ZHAO Ya-dong,HE Qiang,et al.Study on annealing hardening of deformed Zn-Al alloy[J].Hot Working Technology,2020,49(24):129-132.
• [13] 谭颖，林向飞，张世道，等.Zn-Cu-Ti变形锌合金异常力学行为[J].有色金属科学与工程，2015,6(6):57-64.TAN Ying,LIN Xiang-fei,ZHANG Shi-dao,et al.Abnormal mechanical behavior of Zn-Cu-Ti deformed zinc alloy[J].Nonferrous Metal Science and Engineering,2015,6(6):57-64.
• [14] 邓猛，贾淑果，宋克兴，等.Zn-0.9Cu-0.026Ti合金的组织和性能[J].材料热处理学报，2014,35(8):31-35.DENG Meng,JIA Shu-guo,SONG Ke-xing,et al.Microstructure and properties of Zn-0.9Cu-0.026Ti alloy[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2014,35(8):31-35.
• [15] Temel S,Zeki A,Ali P H.Effect of heat treatment on mechanical and wear properties of Zn-40Al-2Cu-2Si alloy[J],Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2021,31(9):2651-2663.
• [16] 肖弦，林章辉.热处理对锌合金组织和力学性能的影响[J].热加工工艺，2008(6):44-46.XIAO Xian,LIN Zhang-hui.Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of zinc alloys[J].Hot Working Technology,2008(6):44-46.
• [17] 孙世能，王利卿，任玉平，等.热处理工艺对低温挤压Zn-15Al锌合金组织及性能的影响[J].材料与冶金学报，2016,15(1):58-60.SUN Shi-neng,WANG Li-qing,REN Yu-ping,et al.Effects of heat treatment process on microstructure and properties of Zn-15Al zinc alloy extruded at low temperature[J].Chinese Journal of Materials and Metallurgy,2016,15(1):58-60.
• [18] 成佳，史庆南，起华荣，等.热处理工艺对锌合金组织和力学性能的影响[J].热加工工艺，2016,45(2):213-214.CHENG Jia,SHI Qing-nan,QI Hua-rong,et al.Effects of heat treatment process on microstructure and mechanical properties of zinc alloys[J].Hot Working Technology,2016,45(2):213-214.
• [19] 刘洪军，曹驰，钱旺盛，等.热处理对Zn-11%Al-8%Cu-Mg合金组织性能的影响[J].铸造技术，2010,31(1):72-74.LIU Hong-jun,CAO Chi,QIAN Wang-sheng,et al.Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of Zn-11%Al-8%Cu-Mg alloy[J].Foundry Technology,2010,31(1):72-74.
• [20] 林高用，陈明明，刘昕怡，等.一种高硬度锌合金模具坯体的增材制造方法：中国，ZL202110014618.3[P].2021-12-21.LIN Gao-yong,CHEN Ming-ming,LIU Xin-yi,et al.A method for additive manufacturing of high hardness zinc alloy mold blanks:China,ZL202110014618.3[P].2021-12-21.
• [21] 陈明明，刘昕怡，祝一帆，等.Cu和Si质量分数对铸态Zn-14Al合金组织与性能的影响[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2022,53(6):2017-2027.CHEN Ming-ming,LIU Xin-yi,ZHU Yi-fan,et al.Effect of Cu and Si mass fraction on the microstructure and properties of as-cast Zn-14Al alloy[J].Journal of Central South University (Natural Science Edition),2022,53(6):2017-2027.
• [22] Savaskan T,Hekimoglu A.Microstructure and mechanical properties of Zn-15Al-based ternary and quaternary alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2014,603:52-57.
• [23] Krupinski M,Labisz K,Jonda E.Effect of Mg addition on the crystallization kinetics of Zn-Al-Cu alloys[J].Journal of Mining and Metallurgy Section B-Metallurgy,2020,56:399-404.
• [24] 钟群鹏，赵子华.断口学[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2006:140-156.ZHONG Qun-peng,ZHAO Zi-hua.Fractography[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006:140-156.
• [25] Lee J G,Sohn K S,Lee S,et al.In situ fracture observation and fracture toughness analysis of Zr-based bulk amorphous alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2007,464(1/2):261-268.
• [26] 冀盛亚.Zn-1.5Cu-0.05Ti合金大变形量热轧变形机制及其耐腐蚀性能研究[D].西安：西安理工大学，2017.JI Sheng-ya.Deformation mechanism and corrosion resistance of Zn-1.5Cu-0.05Ti alloy during large deformation hot rolling[D].Xi’an:Xi’an University of Technology,2017.

文章评论(Comment)：