向婷,方振龙,马强,曹增奎,张健

• 1:天津职业技术师范大学机械工程学院
• 2:天津市金桥焊材集团股份有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

为了实现高强钢的优质高效焊接，提出了一种全新的Q960E高强钢的高效焊接工艺，即实-药芯多丝电弧复合焊工艺，该工艺通过一把集成式三丝焊枪实现两根实心焊丝复合一根药芯焊丝，既可以利用药芯焊丝实现焊接接头力学性能的优化，又可以利用3根焊丝实现高效焊接。其中药芯焊丝可以从两实心焊丝的正前方、正后方及侧面送入，通过对比分析焊接过程、焊道成形得出最佳药芯焊丝作用位置，并对最佳药芯焊丝作用位置下焊接接头的组织和显微硬度展开分析。结果表明：当药芯焊丝从正后方或侧面送入时，其中一根实心焊丝易与熔池接触发生短路过渡，前者会导致焊道宽窄不一，后者会导致焊道明显偏向药芯焊丝送入一侧。当药芯焊丝从正前方送入时，药芯焊丝呈一脉多滴过渡，且两实心焊丝均为一脉一滴过渡，此时焊接过程稳定，焊后焊道成形较好，焊道横截面形貌呈“双峰”状，是最佳的药芯焊丝送入位置。此外，当药芯焊丝从正前方送入时，焊缝区组织主要为细小的针状铁素体，粗晶区组织主要为粗大的板条马氏体和少量粒状贝氏体，细晶区组织主要为细小的马氏体，不完全淬火区组织主要为回火马氏体。此外，热影响区同时出现了软化和硬化现象，近不完全淬火区的母材硬度最低，仅为296 HV,完全淬火区硬度最高，达到396 HV,母材和焊缝区的硬度在320～340 HV之间。

关键词(KeyWords)： Q960E高强钢;实-药芯多丝电弧复合焊;药芯焊丝作用位置;焊接稳定性;焊道成形

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(52105394);; 天津市教委科研计划项目(2021KJ025);; 天津职业技术师范大学科研发展基金资助项目(KYQD202101)

作者(Author): 向婷,方振龙,马强,曹增奎,张健

DOI: 10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2024-0063

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