袁超,胡正飞,吴细毛

• 1:同济大学材料科学与工程学院
• 2:东北电力科学研究院有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

研究某热电厂锅炉过热器15CrMo钢管在540℃/3.9 MPa条件下运行3000 h发生高温蒸汽氧化失效行为。利用X衍射、扫描电镜和电子探针等对15CrMo锅炉氧化层形貌和氧化膜成分进行组织结构观察和分析,结合高温水蒸气存在的情况下氧化膜生长理论,分析了这一特定条件下高温蒸汽氧化层的形成机理及其非正常失效原因。15CrMo钢在较短的服役过程中珠光体组织球化严重,达到4～5级,组织结构的退化导致力学性能严重下降同时炉管内壁发生严重的内氧化,从而降低管壁的有效厚度造成承压能力下降。晶界优先腐蚀,靠近晶界的基体组织内部形成大量孔洞,孔洞的形成是因离子扩散优先形成氧化点引起。氧化腐蚀产物分为内外两层,内氧化层结构疏松,方便了气体分子和金属离子的扩散,加剧了高温氧化的进行。

关键词(KeyWords)： 15CrMo耐热钢;过热器管道;高温蒸汽氧化;失效

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(60871076)

作者(Author): 袁超,胡正飞,吴细毛

DOI: 10.13289/j.issn.1009-6264.2012.s1.020

参考文献(References)：

• [1]刘江南,赵彦芬,耿波.等.T91钢高温高压水蒸汽氧化膜微观组织结构研究[J].铸造技术,2005,26(3):202-204.LIU Jiang-Nan,ZHAO Yan-Fen,GENG Bo,et al.Research on the microstructure of the oxidation film of T91 steel tube under the high temperatureand high pressure water vapor[J].Foundry Technology,2005,26(3):202-204.
• [2]马强,梁平,杨首恩,等.TP347H钢高温水蒸气氧化研究[J].材料热处理学报,2009,30(5):174-176.MA Qiang,LIANG Ping,YANG Shou-en,et al.Investigation of high-temperature steam oxidation for TP347H steel[J].Transactions of Materials andHeat treatment,2009,30(5):174-176.
• [3]T T S,Zhang H,Zhou W W.Corrosion failures of high temperature heat pipes[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,1999,6:363-370
• [4]Wagner C.Formation of composite scales consisting of oxidation of different metals[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,1956,11:627-633.
• [5]Norinsan K.Othman,Jianqiang Zhang,David J.Young.Temperature and water vapor effects on the cyclic oxidation behaviour of Fe-Cr alloys[J].Corrosion Science,2010,vol.52:2830-2833.
• [6]Ahmada J,Purbolaksono J.Analysis on a failed 2.25Cr-1Mo reheater bent tube at upper bank vertical tubes region[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2001,18:523-529.
• [7]李婷,赵钦新,王云刚,等.STBA钢管蒸汽氧化的微观特征研究[J].动力工程学报,2010,30(4):293-297.LI Ting,ZHAO Qin-xin,WANG Yun-gang,et al.Micro structure features of steam oxidation scales on STBA24 steel tubes[J].Journal of ChineseSociety of Power Engineering,2010,30(4):293-297.
• [8]张而耕,童遂放,王琼奇,等.12Cr1MoV珠光体耐热钢长期服役中碳化物的变化及对性能的影响[J].机械工程材料,2009,33(9):29-31.ZANG Er-geng,TONG Sui-fang,WANG Qing-qi,et al.Carbide transition of 12Cr1MoV pearlite heat-resisting steel in long-term service and it'sinfluence on material performance[J].Materials for Mechanical Engineering,2009,33(9):29-31.
• [9]张艳红.电站低合金耐热钢蒸汽管道断裂微观特征分析[J].东北电力技术,2002,23(7):9.ZHANG Yan-hong.Micro features analysis on the breakages of low alloy heat-resisting steel steam pipes in power stations[J].North-east PowerTechnology,2002,23(7):9.
• [10]陈国良.高温合金学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1985.
• [11]Shen J N,Zhou L J,Li TF.High-temperature oxidation of Fe-Cr alloys in wet oxygen.Oxidation of Metals,1997,48:347-356.
• [12]尹黔昊,魏刚,李虎,等.超超临界机组锅炉蒸汽侧氧化层形成机理分析及预防措施[J].河北电力技术,2009,28(1):17-19.YIN Qin-hao,WEI Gang,LI Hu,et al.Analysis and countermeasures on steam-side oxide form of ultra-supercritical power unit[J].Hebei ElectricPower,2009,28(1):17-19.
• [13]Fujii C T,Meussner R A.The mechanism of the high-temperature oxidation of iron chromium alloys in water vapor[J].Journal of the Electro-chemical Society,1964,111(11):1215-1221.
• [14]Fujii C T,Meussner R A.Oxide structures produced on iron chromium alloys by a dissociative mechanism[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,1964,110(12):1195-1204.
• [15]Galerie A,Wouters Y,Pijolat M,et al.Mechanisms of corrosion and oxidation of metals and alloys[J].Advanced Engineering Materials,2001,3(8):555-561.

文章评论(Comment)：